氮氣吹掃儀操作步驟及注意事項

　生(sheng)產過程中，由(you)于缺(que)乏對氮氣的足夠重視，對氮氣知識掌握不全面，在全國氮氣窒息事故也時(shi)有發生(sheng)。

主要是利用低溫狀態下氧氣和氮氣沸點的不同，以精餾方法從空氣中分離出純氧和純氮，供生產、非生產過程使用，氮氣吹掃儀比(bi)如(ru)儀(yi)表用氮氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)做(zuo)吹掃(sao)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體使用、旋轉(zhuan)密封閥用作氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)封等(deng)等(deng)。在氮氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)制備及使用過程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，生(sheng)產裝(zhuang)置、工藝管道的(de)泄漏、安(an)全裝(zhuang)置失靈，檢修過程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)因(yin)未佩帶安(an)全防(fang)護用具或因(yin)防(fang)護不(bu)當等(deng)，都可(ke)能發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)氮氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)窒(zhi)息(xi)(xi)事(shi)(shi)故。窒(zhi)息(xi)(xi)機(ji)理：氮氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)與二(er)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化碳、甲烷(wan)、乙炔、氖等(deng)都是(shi)(shi)直接窒(zhi)息(xi)(xi)性(xing)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體。其特(te)點是(shi)(shi)自(zi)身(shen)濃度(du)增(zeng)大導致空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)含氧(yang)(yang)(yang)量(liang)降低(di)而(er)發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)窒(zhi)息(xi)(xi)。一般(ban)當空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)含量(liang)低(di)于18%時(shi)(shi)，就(jiu)會(hui)發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)窒(zhi)息(xi)(xi)事(shi)(shi)故。氮本身(shen)對(dui)(dui)人體氮氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)吹掃(sao)儀(yi)無甚危害(hai)，如(ru)氮濃度(du)略高(gao)(gao)時(shi)(shi)，人員會(hui)有(you)輕度(du)頭痛、心、嘔吐、幻覺及興奮癥(zheng)狀(zhuang)。此種(zhong)情況，如(ru)發(fa)(fa)(fa)現早、及時(shi)(shi)改善通風條件，患者(zhe)會(hui)很(hen)快自(zi)行恢復。若氮氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)含量(liang)繼(ji)續增(zeng)高(gao)(gao)，減少(shao)了空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)含量(liang)，使人呼吸(xi)困難。若吸(xi)入純氮氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)時(shi)(shi)，會(hui)因(yin)嚴重缺氧(yang)(yang)(yang)引發(fa)(fa)(fa)窒(zhi)息(xi)(xi)甚至導致死亡。窒(zhi)息(xi)(xi)的(de)危害(hai)性(xing)：氮氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)為無色(se)、無味、無嗅的(de)惰性(xing)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體，是(shi)(shi)不(bu)能僅憑感官判斷(duan)相對(dui)(dui)封閉(bi)空(kong)間中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)氮氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)是(shi)(shi)否超標的(de)。當空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)濃度(du)降低(di)時(shi)(shi)，窒(zhi)息(xi)(xi)性(xing)事(shi)(shi)故的(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)往往沒有(you)明(ming)顯的(de)預兆。據資料記載，氮氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)窒(zhi)息(xi)(xi)事(shi)(shi)故發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)時(shi)(shi)，受害(hai)者(zhe)只要在相對(dui)(dui)濃度(du)較高(gao)(gao)的(de)氮氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)空(kong)間中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)停留(liu)2分鐘就(jiu)很(hen)難有(you)逃出或自(zi)救能力